| Juxtaposition | is expressed by a hyphen. That is when successive signs are separated by a space. |
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| Linking | is expressed by a period. That is when successive signs are linked, often seeming to "hold" one another. |
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| Stacking |
is expressed by a colon.
The signs stacked are listed from top to bottom and are sometimes separate (43:50), sometimes linked (9:8). The C.E.I.P.P.'s extended system distinguishes between separate and linked stacks. |
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| Merging |
is expressed by an apostrophe.
Ill-defined, this combination has been dispensed with in the C.E.I.P.P.'s extended system. |
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